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Regulated accounting is appropriate provided that (i) rates are established by or subject to approval by independent, third-party regulators, (ii) rates are designed to recover the specific enterprise's cost of service, and (iii) in view of demand for service, it is reasonable to assume that rates are set at levels that will recover costs and can be charged to and collected from customers., This would result in a charge to earnings and (AOCI), net of applicable income taxes, which could be material., All expenditures for maintenance and repairs of utility plant are charged to the appropriate maintenance expense accounts., If our credit rating were to fall below investment grade, the counterparties could require immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full overnight collateralization on contracts in net liability positions., This charge is recorded within operating expense, net on the Statements of Income.

The Pratt & Whitney FT-8 turbines have the lowest variable and fixed O & M charges, but are not as efficient as the LMS100., Volume 1, Chapter 9 – New Resources 2015 Electricity Supply Resource Procurement Plan Page 9-12 Research and Development Demand Response Demand Response (“DR”) is a voluntary and temporary reduction in electricity consumption by customers during periods when the power system is stressed and in need of additional peaking resources.

Building Design and Solar Radiation For the majority of Montana’s solar heat applications, the demand for heat is usually the greatest during the fall, winter, a n d e a r l y s p r i n g w h e n t h e d a y s a re the shortest, although this is not necessarily true for consumers installing solar domestic hot water systems, where usage patterns are fairly consistent throughout the year., Because of the “automatic” shutdown capabilities when there is no demand, drain back systems are popular and very convenient in applications where the heat load is not consistent., Closed-loop solar systems are the most vulnerable on hot, sunny days with little heat demand., This includes measures for air venting and maintaining the proper charge on the system, as well as controls to prevent unwanted thermosiphoning.

NorthWestern Energy is upgrading its technology with the installation of approximately 590,000 new electric meters and gas modules in Montana, enabling two-way communication between the company and its advanced meters on customers' homes and businesses.

Demand reported in column (h) must be in megawatts., In column (k), provide revenues from demand charges related to the billing demand reported in column (h)., In column (e) report the demand charges and in column (f) energy charges related to the amount of energy transferred., Report in column (h) the total charge shown on bills rendered to the respondent., NameOfCompanyOrPublicAuthorityTransmissionOfElectricityByOthers Name of Company or Public Authority (Footnote Affiliations) (a) StatisticalClassificationCode Statistical Classification (b) TransmissionOfElectricityByOthersEnergyReceived MegaWatt Hours Received (c) TransmissionOfElectricityByOthersEnergyDelivered MegaWatt Hours Delivered (d) DemandChargesTransmissionOfElectricityByOthers Demand Charges ($) (e) EnergyChargesTransmissionOfElectricityByOthers Energy Charges ($) (f) OtherChargesTransmissionOfElectricityByOthers Other Charges ($) (g) ChargesForTransmissionOfElectricityByOthers Total Cost of Transmission ($) (h) 1 MONTANA 2 Vigilante Elec.

Li-ion batteries utilize the exchange of lithium ions between electrodes to charge and discharge the battery., Electrons flow in the reverse direction during a charge cycle when energy is drawn from the grid., As the ions flow across the membrane, an electrical current is induced in the conductors to charge the battery., The liquid electrolyte used for charge-discharge reactions is stored externally and pumped through the cell., The variable O&M costs do not include electric purchases made to charge the batteries.

Montana Taxes Other Than Income 11 Payments for Services 12 Political Action Committees/Political Contributions not applicable 13 Pension Costs not applicable 14 Other Post Employment Benefits not applicable 15 Top Ten Montana Compensated Employees not applicable 16 Top Five Corporate Compensated Employees not applicable 17 Balance Sheet 18 Havre Pipeline Company, LLC Annual Report Table of Contents Description continued on next page Schedule Montana Plant in Service 19 Montana Depreciation Summary 20 Montana Materials and Supplies 21 Montana Regulatory Capital Structure 22 Statement of Cash Flows 23 Long Term Debt not applicable 24 Preferred Stock not applicable 25 Common Stock not applicable 26 Montana Earned Rate of Return 27 Montana Composite Statistics 28 Montana Customer Information 29 Montana Employee Counts not applicable 30 Montana Construction Budget 31 Transmission, Distribution and Storage Systems 32 Sources of Gas Supply 33 MT Conservation and Demand, Programs not applicable 34 Montana Consumption and Revenues 35 Natural Gas Universal System Benefits Programs not applicable 36a Montana Conservation and Demand Side Mgmt., Sch. 6 Charges % of Total Charges Affiliate Name Products & Services Method to Determine Price to Utility Affil., 6,016 391 >300.00% 30 143 Other Accounts Receivable 192,757 240,460 (19.84)% 31 144 Accumulated Provision for Uncollectible Accounts (18,506) 100.00 % 32 145 Notes Receivable-Associated Companies — — - 33 146 Accounts Receivable-Associated Companies 169,296 (128,151) 232.11 % 34 151 Fuel Stock — — - 35 154 Plant Materials and Operating Supplies 714,521 714,748 (0.03)% 36 164 Gas Stored - Current — — - 37 165 Prepayments — — - 38 171 Interest and Dividends Receivable — — - 40 172 Rents Receivable — — - 41 173 Accrued Utility Revenues — — - 42 174 Miscellaneous Current & Accrued Assets — — - 43 175 Derivative Instrument Assets (175) — — - 44 (Less) Long-Term Portion of Derivative Instrument Assets — — - 45 176 LT Portion of Derivative Assets - Hedges — — - 46 (less) LT Portion of Derivative Assets - Hedges — — - 47 1,478,628 1,229,166 20.30 % 48 49 181 Unamortized Debt Expense — — - 50 182 Regulatory Assets — 369,731 (100.00)% 51 183 Preliminary Survey and Investigation Charges

We never demand prepaid cards., Rule 4 Establishment of Credit July 2021 142 KB Download Rule 5 Service Conditions July 2021 188 KB Download Rule 6 Line Extensions July 2021 385 KB Download Rule 7 Customer Installation July 2021 159 KB Download Rule 8 Utility Installation August 2021 104 KB Download Rule 9 Metering July 2021 99 KB Download Rule 10 Billing July 2021 69 KB Download Rule 11 Testing Equipment July 2021 48 KB Download Rule 12 Records July 2021 46 KB Download Rule 13 Termination of Service July 2021 430 KB Download Rule 14 Master Metering July 2021 63 KB Download Rule 15 Charges

• Lower demand to transmit energy across our transmission lines due to market conditions and pricing., Thus, the rates we are allowed to charge may or may not match our costs at any given time., Demand for electricity and natural gas is often greater in the summer and winter months associated with cooling and heating., Such technologies could also result in further declines in commodity prices or demand for delivered energy., Demand for our Montana transmission capacity fluctuates with regional demand, fuel prices and weather related conditions.

Regulated accounting is appropriate provided that (i) rates are established by or subject to approval by independent, third-party regulators, (ii) rates are designed to recover the specific enterprise's cost of service, and (iii) in view of demand for service, it is reasonable to assume that rates are set at levels that will recover costs and can be charged to and collected from customers., This would result in a charge to earnings and AOCI, net of applicable income taxes, which could be material., All expenditures for maintenance and repairs of utility plant are charged to the appropriate maintenance expense accounts., If our credit rating were to fall below investment grade, the counterparties could require immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full overnight collateralization on contracts in net liability positions., This charge is recorded within operating expenses, net on the Statements of Income.

NorthWestern Energy 2021 third quarter FERC form

Conversely, when the consumer requires utility power, i t i s p rovided, and the utility charges for it., P a r t D – C a l c u l a t e t h e a n n u a l p roduction value of the PV produced electricity The current NorthWestern Energy kWh price for residential and general service (demand and non demand) electricity is available by calling NorthWestern Energy Customer Service at (888) 467-2669., (volts = watts/amps) (volts = amperes x resistance) Watt (W) - Electric measurement of power at a single point in time, as either capacity or demand., I n t h i s c a s e , e v e n i f t h e m a n u f a c t u rer’s component failure is covered, the contractor will often repair or replace the component with no labor charge., After the contractor’s “parts and labor” contract expires, the manufacturer component warranty doesn’t always include labor charges.

We never demand prepaid cards, • A n y o v e r p a y m e n t s w i l l b e a p p l i e d t o y o u r N o r t h Western Energy account and used to cover future charges.

Montana Taxes Other Than Income 11 Payments for Services 12 Political Action Committees/Political Contributions not applicable 13 Pension Costs not applicable 14 Other Post Employment Benefits not applicable 15 Top Ten Montana Compensated Employees not applicable 16 Top Five Corporate Compensated Employees not applicable 17 Balance Sheet 18 Havre Pipeline Company, LLC Annual Report Table of Contents Description continued on next page Schedule Montana Plant in Service 19 Montana Depreciation Summary 20 Montana Materials and Supplies 21 Montana Regulatory Capital Structure 22 Statement of Cash Flows 23 Long Term Debt not applicable 24 Preferred Stock not applicable 25 Common Stock not applicable 26 Montana Earned Rate of Return 27 Montana Composite Statistics 28 Montana Customer Information 29 Montana Employee Counts not applicable 30 Montana Construction Budget 31 Transmission, Distribution and Storage Systems 32 Sources of Gas Supply 33 MT Conservation and Demand, Programs not applicable 34 Montana Consumption and Revenues 35 Natural Gas Universal System Benefits Programs not applicable 36a Montana Conservation and Demand Side Mgmt., Schedule 3 Sch. 6 AFFILIATE TRANSACTIONS - PRODUCTS & SERVICES PROVIDED TO UTILITY Charges % of Total Charges Affiliate Name Products & Services Method to Determine Price to Utility Affil., 143 Other Accounts Receivable 265,200 192,757 10.29% 31 144 Accumulated Provision for Uncollectible Accounts - - - 32 145 Notes Receivable-Associated Companies - - - 33 146 Accounts Receivable-Associated Companies 326,954 169,296 >-300.00% 34 151 Fuel Stock - - - 35 154 Plant Materials and Operating Supplies 713,949 714,521 -0.11% 36 164 Gas Stored - Current - - - 37 165 Prepayments - - - 38 171 Interest and Dividends Receivable - - - 40 172 Rents Receivable - - - 41 173 Accrued Utility Revenues - - - 42 174 Miscellaneous Current & Accrued Assets - - - 43 175 Derivative Instrument Assets (175) - - - 44 (Less) Long-Term Portion of Derivative Instrument Assets - - - 45 176 LT Portion of Derivative Assets - Hedges - - - 46 (less) LT Portion of Derivative Assets - Hedges - - - 47 Total Current & Accrued Assets 1,627,349 1,478,628 32.39% 48 Deferred Debits 49 181 Unamortized Debt Expense - - - 50 182 Regulatory Assets - - - 51 183 Preliminary Survey and Investigation Charges

Portfolio Positions Cash Flows & Budgets 100s of variables & metrics Load Renewable Generation Dispatchable Assets Portfolio Configuration Hedge Instruments Automated & Timely Reporting Strategy & What-ifs Distributions & Payoffs @ Risk Metrics Meaningful Uncertainty PowerSIMM’s data rich & robust analytic environment Example: Simulated Te m p e rature, Load, Gas and Power Prices 11 SIMULAT E D WEAT H E R SIMULAT E D GAS Iterations SIMULAT E D POWER SIMULAT E D LOAD Simulating supply uncertainty in renewable generation Historic Solar Output Historic Wind Output Simulated Solar Output Simulated Wind Output Simulated Weather Renewables Load PowerSimm ™ captures the interactions of weather → renewables, load and storage level + Weather drives load and renewable generation Simulated renewables generation & load Forced outages and energy limitations Loss of Load Expectation = Battery Charge level PowerSimm Reliability Planning Generation, Winter Evening Heating Demand Summer Solar Gen Ramp Down Hour Why we worry about depth and duration of shortfa l ls NWE was short resources when the wind died down in February for three days, by on average 500 MW.

Electric Service Requirements & Guidelines for our Montana Service Area. This document provides detailed information in establishing electric service for new and remodeled structures.

The ceiling or theoretical maximum is based on commercialized and emerging technologies and behavior measures, whereas the realistic savings that may be achieved through demand-side management (DSM) programs reflects real world market constraints such as utility budgets, customer perspectives, and energy efficiency policy., Over time, additional technologies are likely to become available in the market that may serve to increase the potential for energy and demand savings and warrant additional attention., Finally, actual energy and demand savings will depend upon the level and degree of NorthWestern customer participation in the energy efficiency programs offered., Heat 125 Commercial HVAC Aux Reflective Roof Treatment 129 Commercial HVAC Aux Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 135 Commercial HVAC Aux Duct Insulation 153 Commercial HVAC Aux Wall Insulation R30 155 Commercial HVAC Aux Wall Insulation R38 158 Commercial HVAC Aux Duct Location 159 Commercial HVAC Aux Duct Sealing NorthWestern Energy - Electricity Energy Efficiency Market Potential Study A-3 # Sector End Use Measure 160 Commercial HVAC Aux Automatic Blinds 166 Commercial Space Heat Air Source Heat Pump 5 Tons, 14 SEER, 8.5 HSPF 189 Commercial Space Heat Notched V Belts for HVAC Systems 192 Commercial Space Heat Water Source Heat Pump 4 Tons, 16 EER 199 Commercial Water Heat Faucet Aerators 206 Commercial Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater 215 Commercial Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation 218 Commercial Water Heat Insulating Tank Wrap on Water Heater 221 Commercial Water Heat Low-Flow Showerhead 234 Commercial Water Heat VFD on Hot Water Pump 250 Commercial HVAC Aux Demand, - 1 shift 419 Industrial Other 3-phase High Frequency Battery Charger - 2 shifts 420 Industrial Other 3-phase High Frequency Battery Charger - 3 shifts 422 Industrial Process Cooling Automatic High Speed Doors - between freezer and dock 438 Industrial Lighting Auto Off Time Switch 439 Industrial Lighting Central Lighting Control System 442 Industrial Lighting Time Clock Control 446 Industrial Compressed Air VFD on Air Compressor NorthWestern Energy - Electricity Energy Efficiency Market Potential Study B-1 Appendix B Top Measures by Savings Potential Table B-1: Top 10 Residential Measures by Sum of Annual Incremental Economic Savings Potential (TRC) Rank Measure Name Economic Potential (kWh) Savings Contribution 1 Programmable Thermostat 43,555,318 18.33% 2 ENERGY STAR® Qualified CFL, screw-in 28,041,744 11.8% 3 ENERGY STAR Desktop Computer 24,423,187 10.28% 4 Smart Thermostat 19,017,807 8.00% 5 ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer 17,966,846 7.56% 6 ENERGY STAR Qualified LED

Programs not applicable 34 Montana Consumption and Revenues 35 Natural Gas Universal System Benefits Programs not applicable 36a Montana Conservation and Demand Side Mgmt., Charges to MT Utilil' !, Regulated accounting is appropriate provided that (i) rates are established by or subject to approval by independent, third-party regulators, (ii) rates are designed to recover the specific enterprise's cost of service, and (iii) in view of demand for service, it is reasonable to assume that rates are set at levels that will recover costs and can be charged to and collected from customers., All expenditures for maintenance and repairs of utility plant are charged to the appropriate maintenance expense accounts., On August 30, 2016, PNWS sent us a demand letter demanding that we enter into power purchase agreements for 21 solar projects and threatening to sue us for $ 106 million ifwe did not accede to its demand.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - A Federal agency charged with protecting the environment., The demand for natural gas largely depends upon weather conditions., Thus, the rates we are allowed to charge may or may not match our costs at any given time., Demand for our Montana transmission capacity fluctuates with regional demand, fuel prices and weather related conditions., This would result in a charge to earnings, net of applicable income taxes, which could be material.

They are doing their best to keep up with the vault toilet maintenance and trash clean-up demand at the USFS sites listed in this proposal., The agencies charged with managing the recreation sites are having a difficult time keeping up with this increase use.